The Dangers of EMFs
Why a Low EMF Sauna is Important
by Jenna Greenfield MD


Summary
Low EMF Infrared Saunas: The Main Points of this Article
- A truly low EMF infrared sauna is so important. The high electric and magnetic fields of other company’s infrared saunas make them less effective by increasing the harm being caused by your present toxic burden, and reducing your body’s antioxidant resources.
- There are 3 kinds of EMF and they all affect health by flooding brain and heart cells with calcium ions.
- Those calcium ions cause dysfunction in the brain by altering release of neurotransmitters and hormones. That dysfunction can manifest as sleep disturbances, headaches, depression, anxiety, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, memory changes, and numbness/tingling.
- Excess calcium ions in heart and brain cells also cause dysfunction by producing oxidative damage. That oxidative stress worsens the harm being caused by your current toxic burden, reduces your body’s ability to excrete toxins, promotes cellular aging, and damages DNA.
- Studies have shown EMFs have biological effects on cells at magnetic fields as low as 2 – 3 mG, and electric fields below 300 V/m. While inside a typical sauna, one without our patented EMF mitigation, you may be exposed to levels as high as 150mG and 2000 – 3000 V/m.
- High Tech Health makes one of the only truly low EMF infrared saunas on the market: low in BOTH magnetic and electric fields.
Introduction
There is increasing evidence in recent years of the harmful effects of electric and magnetic fields (EMF). This is of particular concern when purchasing an infrared sauna, because most infrared saunas expose you to extremely high EMFs. This is because you are surrounded by high power heaters that in a regular infrared sauna would be your highest EMF exposure in daily life. With High Tech Health patented infrared heater technology and our unsurpassed engineering expertise, our saunas become far more than a “low EMF infrared sauna”, they become an almost non-existent source of EMF.
EMF exposure has long been known to cause neuropsychiatric symptoms including difficulty sleeping, depression, anxiety, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating. Recent research has shown other potentially more dangerous effects of EMF exposure including oxidative damage and premature aging of our cells, and DNA breakage and even cancer. High Tech Health is the only infrared sauna company able to produce a truly low EMF infrared sauna, due to patented triple anti-field infrared heaters, and comprehensive EMF mitigation of the internal wiring. Almost every other company that advertises a “low EMF infrared sauna” have magnetic field mitigation only, and still have extremely high electric fields. These companies completely fail to address the electric fields on their website or EMF reports, an equally important component of EMFs. Read about the three components of EMFs here, and read about our triple anti-field heaters here.
Intracellular Calcium
Mechanism of Biological Effect
For years, skeptics argued that EMF from electronics couldn’t possibly affect our biology. Their reasoning: EMF is “non-ionizing,” meaning it doesn’t have enough energy to directly break molecular bonds the way X-rays or gamma rays can. If it can’t break bonds, how could it cause harm?
We now have the answer. Numerous studies have proven that low-frequency EMFs do cause direct biological effects on cells – and researchers have identified exactly how it happens (1,6-9,15,16).
Here’s the mechanism: When cells are exposed to EMF, they show an almost immediate increase in calcium inside the cell (6,8). Calcium isn’t just floating around randomly – it’s a critical signaling molecule that tells your cells what to do. When calcium levels spike unexpectedly, cells start behaving abnormally.
The proof is compelling. When researchers treat cells with calcium channel blockers (medications like verapamil that prevent calcium from entering cells), the effects of EMF exposure are blocked (6,9). Multiple studies have confirmed this relationship between EMF and calcium signaling.
The likely explanation: EMFs are directly activating structures called voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) in our cell membranes. These channels are essentially gates that control calcium flow into cells. EMF appears to force these gates open, flooding cells with calcium they didn’t ask for.
This is why a truly low-EMF infrared sauna matters – and why “low EMF” claims deserve scrutiny.


Voltage gated calcium channels (VGCC)
Dysfunction at the Cellular Level
Not all cells are equally vulnerable to EMF. Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) – those gates that EMF forces open – are concentrated in specific tissues: your neurons (brain and nerve cells), neuroendocrine cells (the cells that release hormones), and muscle cells, including the smooth muscle in your blood vessels and the cardiac muscle in your heart.
This matters because it predicts exactly where EMF causes the most harm. And that’s precisely what researchers found. In mice exposed to EMF, the greatest tissue changes appeared in the central nervous system, the heart, and the testes – matching the distribution of these calcium channels (10).
Why your brain is particularly affected
In neurons and hormone-releasing cells, calcium isn’t just present – it’s the trigger. When calcium levels rise inside these cells, that’s the signal to release neurotransmitters (brain chemicals like serotonin and dopamine) or hormones. It’s how your nervous system communicates.
When EMF forces calcium channels open inappropriately, this communication system goes haywire. Here’s what happens:
- First, there’s a surge – an excessive release of neurotransmitters as cells respond to the calcium flood
- Then, cells try to protect themselves by downregulating (reducing) their receptors and synapses
- The result: disordered neural signaling and reduced communication between cells
The physical evidence is striking. Tissues from rats exposed to high EMF levels showed nerve cells that were smaller than normal, with particular damage to the synapses – the connections between neurons where communication happens (10).
Resulting Neuropsychiatric Symptoms
Neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with exposure to electromagnetic fields have been recognized since the 1950s-1960s. A 1972 report from the Naval Medical Research Institute, citing over 2300 studies, documented 40 neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with occupational exposure to microwave/radiofrequency EMFs (1,2). A second large report from NASA in 1981 reported 19 similar symptoms, and also found exposure to EMFs to be associated with EEG changes (3). By the 1990s these symptoms were referred to as “microwave syndrome,” most commonly described to include sleep disturbances, headaches, depression, anxiety, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, memory changes, nausea, and numbness/tingling (1,4-5). Since then, especially with concern related to the now widespread use of cellular phones, there have been numerous studies confirming and expanding on these symptoms (1, 14-17, 24). A large cross sectional study compared inhabitants living near a mobile phone base with controls and found that those living near the EMF had significantly higher rates of headaches, memory changes, sleep disturbances, tremors, dizziness, and depressive symptoms (24). These are symptoms that a low EMF infrared sauna can help with tremendously, but high levels of EMF will take away from the benefits of the infrared.
Oxidative Stress
Resulting Oxidative Damage
The excess calcium triggered by EMF doesn’t just disrupt signaling – it sets off a damaging chain reaction inside your cells.
Here’s how it unfolds: When calcium levels spike, it activates enzymes and molecular pathways that increase production of nitric oxide. Nitric oxide then combines with another molecule called superoxide to form something called peroxynitrite (6,7,10-12).
This is where things go wrong. Peroxynitrite is a free radical – an unstable molecule that damages other molecules by stealing their electrons. Worse, it triggers the formation of additional free radicals, creating a cascade effect. The result is oxidative stress: essentially, your cells are being chemically attacked from the inside.
What oxidative stress actually destroys
Oxidative stress isn’t abstract – it causes measurable physical damage:
- Cell membranes – the protective barrier around each cell
- Proteins – the molecular machines that do the work inside cells
- DNA – your genetic code itself, through strand breakage
This accumulation of damage – broken proteins, compromised membranes, fractured DNA – is one of the primary drivers of cell aging. It’s not just theory: oxidative damage is directly implicated in the development of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, and cancer.
When you’re investing in an infrared sauna to improve your health, the last thing you want is a product causing this kind of cellular damage while you sit in it.

Oxidative Stress is a Potential Cause of Cancer
DNA strand breakage is a known result of oxidative stress and cell aging, and is known to be a potential cause of cancer, as the genes that regulate the cells growth and cycle are damaged. Many epidemiologic studies have looked at associations between EMF exposure and cancer, and numerous studies have found an association between EMF exposure and increases in childhood leukemia, lymphomas, many types of brain cancers including glioma, schwannoma and medulloblastoma, breast cancer, thyroid cancer, and others (13-15). Animal studies have shown significantly higher rates of cancers in rats exposed to EMF, when also exposed to other known carcinogens, such as gamma rays or benzene (13,14). Thus, it seems that EMF can act as a carcinogen in itself, as well as making other known carcinogens more carcinogenic. In 2011, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) categorized RF EMF as a “possible” (level 2B) human carcinogen (13,14). However, many scientists would like to see it categorized even higher than this, given the growing evidence.
Inadequate Government Regulation of EMF and “Low EMF” Infrared Saunas
Given the growing evidence of the harmful effects of EMFs, there has been an urgent call from scientists to government regulatory agencies to enact appropriate safety guidelines limiting public exposure to these harmful fields (13,15,16). There have been a number of petitions in recent years drafted and signed by dozens of scientists urging government bodies to alter their recommended maximum exposure levels. Recently 206 International scientists signed a statement sent to the United Nations Secretary General and member states, saying the international safety guidelines are inadequate (16). As with many things in history that are now known and widely accepted to be harmful, the official government regulations lag behind the scientific evidence of harm. There is currently no requirement that an infrared sauna company produces a low EMF infrared sauna.
| Source / Standard | Electric Field (ELF) | Magnetic Field (MF) |
|---|---|---|
| Biological Effect Threshold (When damage begins) |
< 300 V/m | 2 – 3 mG |
| Typical "Low EMF" Competitor (Carbon Heaters) |
2,000 – 3,000 V/m ⚠️ 10x Safety Limit |
2 – 10 mG |
| High Tech Health (Transcend® Saunas) |
✔ Near Zero | ✔ Near Zero / Ambient |
Read that again. A typical infrared sauna with carbon-based heaters exposes you to magnetic fields 50–75 times higher than the level shown to disrupt basic cell function, and electric fields 7–10 times higher than the level shown to cause oxidative stress in animal studies.
This isn’t a small margin of error. It’s an order of magnitude.
Thresholds for Biological Effects
What Levels Actually Cause Harm?
To understand why sauna EMF matters, you need to know the thresholds at which biological effects begin. The research is sobering.
Laboratory studies (cells and animals)
In vitro studies – experiments on cells in a lab – showed increased activity in oncogenes (genes that can trigger cancer) and genes controlling growth and development after exposure to just 8 mG (0.8 µT) of magnetic field (18). That’s a remarkably low threshold.
Animal studies found oxidative stress in the spleen and testes of male guinea pigs after exposure to electric fields as low as 300 V/m (19,20). Remember: oxidative stress is the chain reaction that damages cell membranes, proteins, and DNA.
Human population studies
Epidemiologic research – studies that track health outcomes in real populations – found a significant increase in childhood leukemia among children living near high-power lines who were chronically exposed to magnetic fields in the range of just 4 mG (0.4 µT) (23).
At even lower levels, magnetic fields of just 2–3 mG (0.2–0.3 µT) were shown to alter the function of the Na/K-ATPase pump (25). This pump is essential – it creates the electrical gradient across cell membranes that makes nerve conduction and countless other cell functions possible. Disrupt it, and cells can’t communicate properly.
Low EMF Saunas: Essential for the Full Health Benefits
Low EMF Infrared Sauna
Nearly all other infrared saunas have extremely high electric fields, extremely high magnetic fields, or both, due to their design of heaters and wiring. Most sauna companies use carbon-based heaters. These are very inefficient, so they use more power than necessary, and they must cover the majority of the interior walls in order to sufficiently heat the sauna. That need for higher power, the large area they cover, combined with your proximity to them while in the sauna, result in extremely high EMF exposure. Since EMF can act to make carcinogens more carcinogenic (see above), it is reasonable to conclude that typical infrared saunas have the potential to worsen the impact of a person’s existing toxic burden, as well as work against such a sauna’s ability to support the body’s detoxification pathways. However, High Tech Health saunas feature a comprehensive mitigation of EMF in the wiring and patented triple antifield infrared heaters. They are the only heaters that block all types of EMF, so that while in our saunas you are exposed to virtually no added EMF, with EMF levels not significantly higher (typically lower) than ambient levels in the home. We have had a third-party EMF engineering company confirm this by finding and measuring the maximum EMF levels found at the surface of our heaters. We guarantee a truly low EMF infrared sauna. Click here to see their report.

High Tech Health Transcend® Truly Low EMF Infrared Sauna
High Tech Health Transcend® Infrared Saunas are the only truly low EMF infrared sauna on the market, with the lowest total electric fields and lowest total magnetic fields of any infrared sauna. In fact, they are one of the lowest sources of EMF exposure in the home. Click here to read more about our far infrared sauna.

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References
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